第1272章
笔趣阁(biquge321.com)更新快,无弹窗!
第1272章
“羁,马络头也;縻,牛靷也”。
李祺的声音清朗如磬,在寂静的殿内激起回响。
所谓“羁縻”,就是一方面要“羁”,用军事手段和政治压力加以控制;另一方面用“縻”,以经济和物质的利益给予抚慰,即是羁縻。
大明王朝不只是在辽东,还有西北、西南等地,朝廷对待这些外邦异族,先前一直采取的都是羁縻控制,以夷制夷!
“自秦汉以降,中原王朝便以‘羁縻’为绳,左手执军事之鞭,右手持金帛之饵。我大明于辽东、西北、西南,亦是这般——酋长世袭,朝廷赐封,以互市为桥,以朝贡为带。”
而李祺此刻提出在辽东设立羁縻卫所,其实也就是各级官员皆由本族酋长担任或推荐,可世袭罔替,而朝廷通过封职、赏赐、给予互市权力等方式激励其为中央王朝服务。
“蒙古、女真各族在朝贡时,首领亲赴京师献上精良土产以表臣服和尊崇,而朝廷则赏给玉帛、衣帽以示关怀和支持。”
“蒙古、女真等部族可用当地渔猎产品,换取辽东地区的耕牛、农具、食盐、布匹等必需生产、生活资料。”
众人听后下意识地点了点头。
这些都是羁縻制度的常用手段。
说白了,这就是一块你好我好大家好的遮羞布。
只要你表面上愿意臣服大明向大明称臣纳贡,那我们就可以不用打仗,还开互市互相交易!
对于大明朝廷而言,这是故意如此,谁都不想去管理这些野性难驯的外邦蛮夷,索性让他们自己管自己,只要不闹出大乱子就行了。
而对蒙古女真诸部落而言,只是表面上臣服了大明,部落还是自己那个部落,不但可以与大明互市取得生活所需,而且时不时地还可以入朝觐见,白白得到一些赏赐,何乐而不为呢?
你好我好大家好啊!
中华民族,几千年来生生不息,然而后世有外国学者说“这是一个虚伪的文明”。
说实话,还真有几分道理。
羁縻制度是以物质换忠心,对其进行抚慰。
而中原朝廷还一直坚持“怀柔远人”,二者结合在一起那就是“怀柔远人,义在羁縻”,成了历代中原王朝一直坚持奉行的基本外交国策。
在羁縻政策的指导下,中国王朝一方面用军事、政治等手段对边疆民族地区进行威慑和实际控制,比如汉武帝三征匈奴、明征安南战争等等。
所以羁縻政策的另一方面,也可以说是主要手段,便是用物质利益,经济交换等对边疆民族的首领进行安抚,采取怀柔手段,希望他们承认中国为宗主国,如果这些物质没有诱惑到他们,那么皇帝还会辅之以和亲、册封、邀请少数民族首领到首都定居等等手段来统治他们。
“不过“羁縻”只是手段,而不是目的。”
李祺一句话,成功让众人侧目。
太子标细细琢磨着这句话,越是琢磨越觉得有些味道。
什么叫做“羁縻”?
说白了就是中央朝廷懒得跟你计较,你表明臣服就行了,大家消弭兵祸安安心心地自己过日子。
但是,问题在于,这种羁縻制度控制的疆土区域,实际上并不是大明王朝的真正疆土!
“那我们的目的是什么?”
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