第205章 终为女帝,功过是非
笔趣阁(biquge321.com)更新快,无弹窗!
可修订,但门阀的影响力却无法一日便消除,尤其是五姓七望这等大门阀,当时的造纸术和印刷术都不甚发达,因而知识传播很难,人才多出于门阀士族。”
“打天下时或许用不到这些人,可等天下打完了,总不能还用将领和军士去治理天下?”
“门阀士族因此也有恃无恐,反正不管谁坐上皇位,最终都得用到他们。然而,武媚打破了这个局面,给了他们一些打击!”
“武媚派人到各地搜罗人才,送到京城由她亲自考试,只要成绩达到她的标准,便能被录用,并准许官吏和百姓自荐。”
“她还进一步发展了科举。”
“科举在隋时便被杨坚设立,杨广即位后又增加了进士科,到大唐太宗时也得到一定发展,太宗甚至曾言‘天下英雄尽入吾彀中矣’,但这些时候的科举对门阀士族的打击有限。”
科举确实会威胁到门阀士族的地位,但隋时的科举做不到。
“武媚称帝后,才逐渐发挥出科举这把针对门阀士族的利器,她对科举的流程进行了修改,增多了科目,增加了录取人数。”
(本章未完,请点击下一页继续阅读)第205章终为女帝,功过是非(第2/2页)
“另外,她还设置了武举,扩大选官范围,使科举不再为门阀士族垄断之物,让庶族的有才之士也有机会出人头地。”
“在和李治共同执政时,还下诏修订《氏族志》,将其更名《姓氏录》,明确规定‘皇朝得五品者皆升士流’,也即是能够做到五品官,都可以被抬升为士族。”
冯劫一眼便看出这法子的厉害处,笑道:“此法甚好,使士族增多,便不值得珍贵!”
确实是这样,在大唐稳定时,这法子的效果也就那样,可等安史之乱后,大量平民和庶族之人被授五品官及以上官职,从而上升为士族,士族一下子就不值钱了,谁还不是个士族?
而且,这些人还能在其中混淆视听,姓崔的都称自己出自博陵崔,姓卢的都称自己来自范阳卢……
突然冒出这么多李鬼,一下就打破了人们心中五姓七望高不可攀的形象,使他们从高处跌落。
李念道:“但武媚这些做法并没能完全解决门阀士族的问题,只是削弱了大唐的门阀士族,使他们不再像之前那般强大。”
“因为大唐皇族也是门阀士族,其他王公勋贵也是,如何能根除?”
“门阀真正被打残,使之从此一蹶不振,是在唐末时出了一个狠人,那位‘内库烧为锦绣灰,天街踏尽公卿骨’,将高高在上的门阀公卿们打落尘埃,盘桓在华夏数百年的门阀士族自此彻底势衰。”
只是听李念说那句“内库烧为锦绣灰,天街踏尽公卿骨”,便能感受到从中透出的森森杀意,将珍藏无数珍宝的内库化为灰烬,将曾经显赫高贵的公卿踏在脚下。
这句话所形容的人绝对是个杀人如麻的狠人,这种人确实能打破原本固有的秩序!
李念并未就此讲说这位,而是继续道:“武媚还整顿吏治,严惩贪污,广开言路,注意纳谏,还劝农桑,薄赋役,在对外方面,有胜有负,虽然大唐的疆域在其手中有所减少,但不全是武媚之过。”
“后世有人拿李治在位时,大唐最广袤之疆域去比较武媚时疆域,说大唐疆域缩减全是武媚之过,孰不知大唐疆域缩减在李治时便已有或已埋下隐患。”
“且李治时大唐疆域虽达至最广,但很多地方实际不为大唐所控,如突厥之地也曾为大唐之土,然那里当真归了大唐所有?”
蒙恬摇头笑道:“那只是突厥在名义上归附于唐,所以被视为大唐疆土,等突厥反叛,自然再难属大唐。”
李念道:“但武媚在有功之时也有许多问题,为了使自己皇位更稳固,她任用酷吏,这些酷吏在她有意纵容下,给人罗织罪名,并施以酷刑,为其等所害臣民不知多少。”
“武媚还颇为虚荣,如其同意诸蕃酋长奏请,征敛洛阳铜铁,造天枢于端门之外,立颂以纪其功,她喜好享乐,大兴土木,大修宫殿和佛寺,她还在宫中养了面首……”
其实不用他解释,始皇帝等都明白“面首”是何意,但李念还是解释了下:“面首便是男宠、男妾。武媚的男宠还不止一个,有薛怀义、沈南璆、张易之与张昌宗兄弟……”
始皇帝听到这,面色古怪地问出一个问题:“此时,武媚年龄已不小了吧?”
王绾等人也反应过来,武媚在被大唐太宗召进宫里时已有十四岁,这么多年过去,已经有五六十岁了吧?
这女人是真厉害,这么大年龄,不仅成了女皇,要治国理政,还能有如此强烈旺盛的需求,难不成其有采阳补阴之术?
李念笑道:“武媚在称帝时,已六十有六!”
那不是比沛公称帝时的年龄还大?
六十六岁,一般人都活不到这个年龄,这女
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